Case Study: Hand-Arm Vibration Assessment at a Manufacturing Site in Sheffield

Sysco Environmental Ltd conducted a hand-arm vibration assessment at a large manufacturing site in Sheffield. This assessment aimed to ensure compliance with health and safety regulations and address concerns about employees' exposure to hand-arm vibrations from various tools and machinery. The facility, which manufactures thermocouples and related components, includes departments such as Production Cells, Engineering, and the Platinum Workshop. Each department uses a range of vibrating tools and machinery, which, if not managed properly, can pose health risks to employees.

Methodology for Hand-Arm Vibration Assessment

 
Sysco Environmental Ltd undertook a comprehensive assessment to measure and evaluate the levels of hand-arm vibration exposure experienced by employees. The process began with a detailed inventory of all vibrating tools and machinery used across the various departments. This initial step was crucial in understanding the scope of potential exposure and identifying the specific equipment that needed to be assessed.
 
The actual vibration measurements were carried out using the Castle Pro-DX Excieo Analyser and tri-axial vibration probes. These instruments are known for their precision and reliability in capturing vibration data. The measurements were taken at the grip positions of the tools while employees performed their typical work tasks, ensuring that the data reflected real-world conditions.
 
In addition to technical measurements, interviews with employees provided valuable insights into the duration and frequency of tool use. These discussions helped to paint a comprehensive picture of daily exposure patterns, which were essential for accurate risk assessment.
 
Once the data was collected, it was analyzed to calculate the daily vibration exposure levels (A(8)). The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) points system was employed to assess the risk, translating vibration exposure into a points-based system to quantify the potential harm.

Guidance and Standards for HAVS Assessments

 
The assessment was conducted in strict accordance with the Control of Vibration at Work Regulations 2005, a key legislative framework aimed at protecting workers from the risks associated with hand-arm vibration. The HSE provides detailed guidance on these regulations, outlining the responsibilities of employers to prevent or reduce vibration exposure as much as possible.
 
The HSE's guidance document, L140, is an authoritative resource on managing hand-arm vibration risks. It provides practical advice on conducting risk assessments, implementing control measures, and monitoring employees' health. This document was instrumental in shaping the methodology and recommendations of the assessment.
 
Additionally, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has established several standards related to vibration, such as ISO 5349-1 and ISO 5349-2. These standards specify methods for measuring and evaluating human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration, offering a framework that ensures consistency and accuracy in vibration assessment practices. Sysco Environmental Ltd adhered to these ISO standards throughout the assessment to ensure the highest level of reliability and compliance.
 

Findings from Hand-Arm Vibration Assessment

 
The assessment revealed varying levels of vibration exposure across different departments, each presenting different risks to employees:
 
1. Production Cells: Employees in this area used tools such as pedestal grinders, orbital sanders, and torque screwdrivers. The calculated vibration exposure levels were below the action value of 2.5 m/s² A(8), indicating a lower risk of vibration-related health issues. Employees in this department are unlikely to experience significant adverse health effects due to the controlled exposure levels.
 
2. Platinum Workshop: Tool use in this area was minimal, with employees primarily using cutting saws for short durations. The vibration exposure levels were also below the action value, posing little risk to employees. The limited use of vibrating tools in this department helps maintain low exposure levels, thereby reducing the potential for health issues.
 
3. Engineering Department: This department presented the highest risk, particularly with the use of the Swager machine. Vibration levels from the Swager exceeded the limit value of 5 m/s² A(8), and employees reported symptoms consistent with Hand Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS). Other tools, such as grinders, lathes, and saws, also contributed to significant vibration exposure, although generally below the limit value. The high exposure levels in this department necessitate immediate intervention to mitigate health risks.

Health Effects of Hand-Arm Vibration

 
Exposure to hand-arm vibration can lead to several health issues, with the severity depending on the intensity and duration of exposure.
 
- Below 2.5 m/s² A(8): At this level, the risk of developing HAVS or other vibration-related health conditions is minimal. Employees are generally safe from significant adverse effects, provided exposure remains below this threshold.
 
- Between 2.5 m/s² A(8) and 5 m/s² A(8): Exposure within this range increases the risk of developing early symptoms of HAVS, such as tingling and numbness in the fingers. Prolonged exposure can lead to more serious conditions if not managed properly. Employees may start experiencing discomfort and should undergo regular health monitoring.
 
- Above 5 m/s² A(8): Exposure levels above this limit are associated with a high risk of HAVS and other serious health conditions. Symptoms can progress to blanching of fingers (vibration white finger), loss of grip strength, and chronic pain in the hands and arms. Immediate action is required to reduce exposure and prevent long-term health issues.
 
The findings from this hand-arm vibration assessment underscore the importance of tailored interventions across different departments to manage and mitigate health risks associated with HAVS. By understanding specific exposure levels and associated health effects, appropriate measures can be implemented to protect employees' health and ensure compliance with safety regulations.

Recommendations Resulting from our Vibration Monitoring

 
To mitigate the risks identified, several recommendations were made:
 
1. Tool Replacement and Maintenance: Replace the Swager with a low-vibration model or implement modifications to reduce vibration levels. Regular maintenance of all tools to ensure they are operating efficiently and with minimal vibration.
2. Health Surveillance: Introduce an initial and annual health surveillance program for employees exposed to vibration, using questionnaires to monitor symptoms and health status.
3. Training and Information: Provide comprehensive training for employees on the risks of hand-arm vibration, safe tool handling practices, and the use of protective equipment.
4. Work Practice Adjustments: Limit the duration of tool use and rotate tasks among employees to minimize exposure times. Implement administrative controls to monitor and manage the total vibration exposure throughout the workday.
 

 HAVS Test Conclusion

 
The hand-arm vibration assessment at the manufacturing site in Sheffield highlighted significant variations in vibration exposure across different departments. While most areas showed manageable levels of exposure, the Engineering Department, particularly the use of the Swager, posed a notable risk. By following the recommended control measures, the company can significantly reduce the risk of HAVS among its employees, ensure compliance with health and safety regulations, and promote a healthier and safer working environment.