What is total viable count (TVC) and when is it used?

Total Viable Count (TVC) is a microbiological technique used to estimate the number of live, culturable microorganisms in a sample. It is widely applied to assess the microbial quality of surfaces, air, water, and products. TVC is used in environmental monitoring, food safety, pharmaceuticals, healthcare, and water treatment to determine hygiene levels or detect microbial contamination. The method is essential where microbial load needs to be controlled or regulated.